Knowledge
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Track syllabus
Backend / Platform
Distributed systems, APIs, data, observability, and remote engineering execution.
01 基础篇 Free
面试考的是一致性:资源如何命名、方法语义与幂等性如何对应,以及错误如何被统一表达。
- 方法语义与幂等性
- 状态码的正确使用
- 分页、过滤与错误响应规范
我会把接口讲成资源化 URL 承载名词、HTTP 方法表达动作,并说明 GET/PUT 幂等、POST 非幂等如何决定重试与超时策略。
考察你能否在范式与反范式之间做取舍,并用索引让查询跑得动,而不是只会写 SQL。
- 范式与反范式取舍
- 索引设计与慢查询排查
- 事务隔离级别
我会先讲清实体关系与访问模式,再说明为高频查询建覆盖索引、并用执行计划定位慢查询的真实案例。
看的是你对线程与协程模型、锁粒度的理解,以及线上出现死锁时能否定位到临界区。
- 线程与协程模型
- 锁粒度与死锁排查
- 并发数据结构的选择
我会对比线程池与协程在高并发 IO 下的表现,并说明如何用缩小锁粒度、固定加锁顺序来避免死锁。
缓存是性能的放大器,面试官想知道你如何防穿透、防击穿、防雪崩并保持一致性。
- 缓存穿透、击穿与雪崩
- 缓存一致性策略
- 失效与淘汰策略
我会讲用空值缓存与布隆过滤器挡住穿透、用互斥重建防击穿,并用先更新库再删缓存的延迟双删控制一致性。
考察你是否理解 MQ 用在削峰与解耦的哪里,以及如何做到可靠投递和幂等消费。
- 削峰与解耦场景
- 可靠性投递与幂等消费
- 顺序与延迟问题
我会说明为什么把下单与发券拆到 MQ 解耦,并用本地消息表加消费端幂等键保证至少一次不产生重复下单。
关注接口能否长期演进:版本、鉴权、限流与错误码是否有一套可执行的规范。
- API 版本管理
- 鉴权与限流
- 错误码与日志规范
我会把版本放在 URL 前缀、用统一结构返回问题与解决方向,并在网关层做鉴权与令牌桶限流。
The first chapter is free. A paid plan opens the rest.
The first chapter is free. A paid plan opens the rest.
The first chapter is free. A paid plan opens the rest.
The remaining chapters cover the full knowledge map and a preparation checklist.
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